What is the Thyroid?
The thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland in your neck. It plays an important role in controlling how your body uses energy. This tiny gland produces hormones that affect almost every part of your body, including your heart, brain, and muscles! When the thyroid doesn’t work well, it can cause problems for your health.
Source: RMH Animations
Why Check for Thyroid Issues?
Sometimes, the thyroid can make too much or too little hormone. This can lead to health problems like feeling tired, gaining or losing weight, and even mood changes. Checking your thyroid regularly helps you find out if it’s working correctly. Early detection can help prevent more serious health issues.
How to Do a Self Thyroid Exam
You don’t need to be a doctor to check your thyroid! Here’s a simple step-by-step guide to help you examine your thyroid at home.
1. Get a Mirror and Glass of Water
You’ll need:
A mirror
A glass of water
A bright light (optional but helpful)
Hold the mirror so you can see your neck. The thyroid is located just below the Adam's apple (where your throat sticks out) and above your collarbone.
2. Focus on the Right Spot
Look at the area in the middle of your neck, right above the collarbone. This is where your thyroid gland is located.
3. Swallow and Watch
Now, take a sip of water and swallow. Watch your neck closely in the mirror as you swallow. Look for any lumps, bumps, or bulges in the thyroid area. It’s normal for the skin to move up and down as you swallow, but any unusual lumps may be a sign that something is wrong with your thyroid.
4. Repeat a Few Times
Repeat this process a few times to be sure. If you notice any bumps or anything that doesn’t look right, talk to a doctor. It’s always better to be safe and check with a healthcare professional.
Signs of Thyroid Problems
Here are some common signs that might suggest thyroid issues. If you notice any of these symptoms, especially if they last a long time, talk to a parent or guardian, and consider visiting a doctor.
Too Much Thyroid Hormone (Hyperthyroidism)
Weight Loss: Losing weight without trying
Fast Heartbeat: Your heart might feel like it's beating too quickly
Feeling Nervous or Anxious: Often feeling very nervous or jumpy
Sweating a Lot: Sweating more than usual, even when it’s not hot
Trembling Hands: Hands that shake slightly
Too Little Thyroid Hormone (Hypothyroidism)
Weight Gain: Gaining weight even if you’re not eating more
Feeling Tired: Feeling tired a lot, even after sleeping well
Dry Skin: Your skin might feel rough or very dry
Cold Sensitivity: Feeling cold even when others don’t
Slower Thinking: Finding it hard to think or concentrate
When to Talk to a Doctor
If you notice any strange lumps, bumps, or if you have some of the signs listed above, it’s important to tell an adult and talk to a doctor. A doctor can perform a special exam or order tests to check if your thyroid is working well. Catching thyroid issues early can help you stay healthy.
How to Keep Your Thyroid Healthy
Here are a few tips to keep your thyroid healthy:
Eat Iodine-Rich Foods: Iodine is a mineral that your thyroid needs to make hormones. Good sources include dairy, seafood, and iodized salt.
Stay Active: Exercise helps keep your body healthy, including your thyroid.
Avoid Smoking: Smoking can harm the thyroid. Avoiding it is good for your overall health.
Regular Checkups: If you have a family history of thyroid problems, regular checkups can help catch any issues early.
Key Points to Remember
The thyroid is a gland in your neck that helps control how your body uses energy.
You can check your thyroid at home using a mirror and a glass of water.
Look for signs like lumps, weight changes, tiredness, or feeling anxious.
Early detection can help keep your thyroid – and your body – healthy!
With these steps, you’ll be able to take charge of your health and learn how to spot signs of thyroid issues early.